News Knowledge for Friends Estav

Posted on Tuesday, November 03, 2009 by admin in Internet Outage |
Tags: Myanmar, Rohingyas, ต่างด้าว, ท่องเที่ยว, พม่า, โรฮิงยา

Myanmar’s Rohingyas are an ethnic minority group persecuted in Myanmar and living as refugees, primarily in Bangladesh, Malaysia, and Pakistan. Rohingya people believe they have inhabited the Arakan, now Rakhine, state of Myanmar since the 7th Century, and are descendants of Arab traders who stopped and established settlements there.

While there is no historical evidence to prove this early claim, it is certain that Rohingyas are descendant of Persians who migrated to the area after the fall of the Mongol Empire in the 13th Century. Since 1978, the Rohingyas in Myanmar have, according to Amnesty International reports, experienced continuous human rights abuses under the military junta that rules the country.
As a result, more than 250,000 Rohingya have fled Myanmar, most of them settling in refugee camps in Bangladesh. Despite United Nations mediation, no solution allowing return of refugees has been reached.

The plight of Rohingya refugees who fled to Thailand only to be pushed out to sea to die has been in the news for nearly two months now, but little action has been taken against the perpetrators of this alleged crime.

The story was first brought to light by the BBC, who reported that a thousand Burmese refugees arriving by boat were pushed out to the sea during a period spanning from 18 to 31 December 2008 after they were captured days earlier by the Thai military while arriving from the Andaman Sea.

The first group of migrants arrived Thailand on five boats on 18 December 2008 and was forced back out to sea in one large open-deck engineless boat with only enough food and water for two days. After being adrift at sea for a week, the Rohingyas were rescued by the Indian Coast Guard. Many were reported drowned after they had jumped into the sea in an effort to reach the dry land of India.

A second group was arrested around 30 December 2008 and, like the first group, were also pushed out to sea in four engineless boats. One of the four was rescued in Aceh, Indonesia; another was found closed to the Andaman & Nicobar Islands of India; but the two others are still missing. Thai officials deny all these allegations. The news has raised the question of what really happened with these Rohingyas, what are the protocols for processing ?boat people? and also who are they?

The Rohingya are an ethnic minority group of Burma. They live in Arakan state in the north of Burma, close to Bangladesh. As Muslims, they differ from the dominant Burman Buddhist majority, which leads to discrimination on the part of the government and other non-Muslim ethnic groups in the area. Some researchers say that the Rohingyas lived in Arakan state since the 7th century, but the Burmese government considers them to be refugees from Bangladesh who arrived when the British ruled Burma.

As a result, they are not given Burmese nationality, have no access to education and health services, have no rights of religious freedom, and cannot even marry. The Burmese military government have turned the Rohingyas into a powerless, defenseless, and voiceless community. Rohinyas have been crying and dying in silence for decades, and many of them are desperately risking their lives at sea to make the trip from Bangladesh and Burma to Thailand, Malaysia or Indonesia.

Some call them refugees from Burma; some call them illegal migrants from Bangladesh; and some call them stateless Muslims for Burma. What are the differences? And why does Thai Prime Minister Abhisit Vejjajiva say: “They are not refugees. Our policy is to push them out of the country because they are illegal migrants.”

The questions we have to answer is who are refugees? Why does the Thai government consider Rohingyas as illegal migrants and not refugees? And if they are refugees, does this change anything?

To answer these questions, we have to explore some background concerning Thailand?s policy towards refugees and illegal migrants. Also, we have to understand the whole picture concerning the conditions of either refugees/illegal migrants and how Thai authorities view their status differently.

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