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Sukhothai is considered to be the first true Thai kingdom. It only lasted a very short period, until the rise of Ayuthaya. An independent Thai kingdom was established in 1238 and lasted until 1376, when it was annexed by Ayuthaya. Its most well known king is King Ramkhamhaeng, who is also credited as with establishing the Thai writing system. A famous inscription reads as follows : There is fish in the water and rice in the fields, indicating a prosperous land is ayutthaya.

The Ayudhaya kingdom lasted from 1350 to 1767 thailand, when the city was conquered and destroyed by the invading Burmese. The Burmese were the great rivals of the Thais of Ayudhaya and sacked the city also a first time about 200 years earlier. Ayudhaya was an imposing and wealthy city during its heyday. Early European visitors were impressed with its prosperity. Portuguese, Dutch, Japanese and other settlements were present. Contrary to the Sukhothai period, which was more egalitarian, the Ayudhaya kings were god-kings with absolute authority. Commoners were forbidden with penalty of death to look directly at the king of thailand. ayutthaya hotels (more…)